Traditional grammar recognizes seven parts of speech: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, and conjunction These are the grammar basics.

1. Adjective - an adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun. It usually answers one of these questions: Which one? What kind of ? How many? Example: an argumentative essay

2. Adverb - an adverb modifies, qualifies, a verb and usually answers one of these questions: When? Where? How? Why? Under what conditions? To what degree? Example: a well argued essay.

3. Article - precedes a noun phrase and is either definite (the) or indefinite (a/an) in property. Example: An (indefinite article) argumentative (adjective) essay that is persuasive is the (definite article) the (definite article) writer's mark of success.

4. Conjunction- a conjunction joins words, phrases, or clauses and indicates the relationship between the elements joined. Example: An essay can be either argumentative or descriptive but not both.

5. Noun - a noun is an animate or inanimate object or concept. Example: an essay (noun)

6. Preposition -a pronoun is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to form a phrase modifying another word in the sentence. Example: The road to hell is usually paved with good intentions.

7. Pronoun- a pronoun is a word used for a noun, and usually substitutes for a specific noun.
   Seven common pronouns are:
   • Personal pronoun (I, me, you, she, her, he, him, it, we, us, you, they, them);
   • Possessive pronouns( my, mine, your, yours, her, hers, his, its, our, ours, your, yours, their, theirs);
   • Reflexive pronouns ( myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves); Relative pronouns( who, whom, whose, which, that);
   • Demonstrative pronouns ( this, that, these, those);
   • Indefinite pronouns (all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, both each either, everybody, everyone, everything, few many neither nobody, none, no one, nothing, one, several some somebody, someone, something)
   • Reciprocal pronouns ( each other, one another)

   Example: When scientific experiments do not work out as expected, they are often considered failures until some other scientist tries them again. Those that work out better the second time around are the one that promise the most rewards.

8. Verb- a verb is a word indicating action or being. Example: In my argumentative essay, I will (verb) attempt (verb) to persuade (verb) the reader of my point of view