1. Kolb's model : Based on perception and information processing

• Using concrete experiences (like feeling, touching, seeing and hearing).
• Using abstract conceptualization (logical analysis of the information).
  In addition, they can process the information in to ways:
• By active experimentation (doing something with the information).
• By reflective observation (thinking about it).

As a result, we have the following styles:

• Concrete experience
  The learners perceive information from specific experience. For example they perceive information by feeling, touching, seeing and hearing. They are learning also by relating to people and being sensitive to feelings. These learners can learn easily by experimenting in the laboratories, and in the field of work. Finally, they learn better with audio-visual media like films and multimedia applications.
• Reflective observation
  The learners process information by thinking about it. They observe carefully before they make a judgement. They view things from different perspectives and they look for the meaning of things. Finally, they like to develop observations about their own experiences. A reflective observer can use logs, and read journals in order to learn easier and better.
• Abstract conceptualization
  The learners perceive information abstractly using mental or visual conceptualization. They also analyze logically the ideas, plan systematically, and act on the intellectual understanding of a situation. Finally, they are creating theories to explain observations. The are learning through lecturing, reading, researching.
• Active experimentation
  The learners perceive information by doing something with it. They have the ability to get things done, to take risks and to influence people and events through action. In addition, they use theories to solve problems and to make decisions. They learn better with simulations, case studies and homework.